Citicoline

Citicoline can stabilize the cell membrane by stimulating S-adenosine-L-methionine, increase the dendrite complexity and spinous process density of motor neuron structure, improve the plasticity of nerve in the non-damaged area, and promote functional recovery. It can reduce the level of water-soluble lecithin phosphate by upregulation of choline cytidylyl transferase phosphate (CCT) and inhibit the activity of secretory phospholipase A2(PLA2) or inhibit the activation of PLA2 by inhibiting TNF-a/IL-1b to reduce the loss of phospholipids and increase the synthesis of phospholipids from Chemicalbook. Repair nerve cell membranes; It can also increase the expression of anti-apoptotic factors such as Bcl-2 and inhibit glutamate release to reduce cytotoxicity. It can promote the rapid repair of damaged cell surface and mitochondrial membrane, maintain cell tightness and biological function, and reduce free fatty acid release, thus reducing the production of toxic oxygenated metabolites and free radicals; It can increase vasopressin and plasma adrenotropin levels and stimulate the release of growth hormone, thyrotropin and luteinizing hormone.